November 15, 2013

Adolescent Transition Care Assessment Tool, Public Education Series No. 12 (2013)

Transition care is a purposeful, planned process that addresses the medical, psychosocial and educational or vocational needs of adolescents and young adults with chronic physical and medical conditions as they move from child-centred to adult-oriented health-care systems.

In Hong Kong, most adolescents with chronic illnesses are managed in the public health-care system. As these patients develop and mature, they would need to move on to adult services. Literature has highlighted the different adverse health outcomes in patients whose care in transition had been poorly managed.

In the past few years, there has been a call for the development of a better transition care service in Hong Kong. Worldwide, various transition models have been proposed but evaluation of model effectiveness has been difficult because of the diverse clinical conditions and many other factors.

Paediatric and adult physicians have identified the following in the development of transition care locally - disease complexity, patient risk stratification, availability of resources, professional expertise and training, volume of patients, regionalization of medical services, and importantly the transition care policy. Progress in the development of transition care has been made.

This Adolescent Transition Care Assessment Tool was developed by HKSAH to assist health professionals in providing a better transition care. Its content is self explanatory. The copy is provided free. You are most welcome to download for your care of adolescents and their families.

Disclaimer: This Education Material is for information only. Users will be responsible for making their own assessment of the matters discussed herein which should not replace advices from their health care professionals.
This material is made possible with the assistance from adolescent volunteers. Free download http://hksah.blogspot.hk/

Date of Publication: 1 December 2013
© Hong Kong Society for Adolescent Health

管教子女方式 馮偉正醫生 Public Education Series No. 11 (2013)

近數十年的發展心理學硏究發現,父母不同的管教方式對子女(特別是青少年階段)的成長以至身心健康有著深遠的影響。學者就家長執行紀律的手段、溝通方式、期望、管控程度、溫情方面歸納出四種管教子女的模式。

高壓專制式管教(Authoritarian Parenting)
在這種管教方式下,子女須遵由父母訂下各種嚴厲的規條,而犯規通常引致處罰。規條的嚴謹程度往往偏離情理,子女亦無從異議。父母一般對子女有很高的期望,卻漠視子女的感受和身心發展需要,只要求他們「唯命是從」。在這管教下成長的子女,一般有很高的服從性,處事效率也不俗,然而他們往往不快樂、自我形象較低和社交能力較弱,及至青春期,有可能衍生消極抵抗,陽奉陰違的反叛行為。

縱容放任式管教(Permissive Parenting)
以這方式管教的家長,一般對子女沒有太多要求。對子女的成長、自理和自制能力沒有很高的期望,因此他們甚少管束子女的紀律。這類父母往往注重子女的物質和情感需要多於其品行。他們對子女的管教往往流於寬鬆,採用朋友般的溝通方式,投其所好,儘量避免與子女衝突。在這種管教方式下成長的子女,自我制約一般較弱、紀律性和服從性較差、學業成績和操行往往欠佳。

忽略抽離式管教 (Uninvolved Parenting
這是一種對子女低要求、少關顧和欠溝通的管教方式。父母一般仍供給子女日常基本所需,但對子女情感和發展成長的需要則採取抽離、置若罔聞的態度。 在這種管教方式下成長的子女,最常出現不快樂情緒、自我形像低落、自制能力欠佳、自信和能力感薄弱。

恩威並施式管教 (Authoritative Parenting)
為子女的品行訂下合理的期望和清晰的規條,讓他們有所適從。規管尺度並非一味嚴苛,能隨子女的發展需要和認知程度作出調整。這種父母也相對民主,較樂意聆聽子女的意見和想法,正面回應子女的異議質疑,並能從善如流。若子女犯錯或未達期望,父母會傾向善導為先、處罰為後。硏究發現,在種管教方式下成長的子女,一般較快樂和有自信,能力感較強,在學業上和處事上都較成功。
誠然,基於家長本身個性、子女數目、文化宗教背景、經濟狀況等因素影響,並非每一對家長都能做到恩威並施的管教,但箇中原則各位家長務當細察。還有一個關鍵不得不提,就是父母兩人須竭力合作、互相支持才能有效管教子女,讓他們快樂健康地成長。


Disclaimer: This Education Material is for information only. Users will be responsible for making their own assessment of the matters discussed herein which should not replace advices from their health care professionals.

This material is made possible with the assistance from adolescent volunteers. Free download http://hksah.blogspot.hk/

November 12, 2013

Pre-participation Evaluation in Young Athletes: Avoiding Sudden Cardiac Death [Event news of other professional societies]

[Event news of other professional societies]: We are glad to share with you events and educational activities on adolescent health organized by other professional societies.

Pre-participation Evaluation in Young Athletes: Avoiding Sudden Cardiac Death

Date: 14 November 2013
Venue: Jade Ballroom, Eaton Smart Hotel Hong Kong, 380 Nathan Road, Kowloon

Programme: 
6:00pm Annual General Meeting
6:30pm Reception and Registration
7:00pm Scientific Symposium
8:00pm Q & A
8:30pm Chinese Dinner

Speaker: 
Dr. Gary MAK
President, Hong Kong Association of Sports Medicine and Sports Science Director, Pro-Cardio Heart Disease & Stroke Prevention Centre

Chairperson: 
Dr. KC CHAN
Hon. Treasurer, Hong Kong Society of Paediatric Cardiology Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics,
Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital

Discussants: 
Dr. Lance FONG
Congenital Cardiologist Consultant, Mercy and Southern Health,
Melbourne, Australia

Dr. TC YUNG
Consultant, Department of Paediatric Cardiology,
Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong

Download Poster:
http://paedcardiology-hk.org/contents/AGMposter.pdf

November 11, 2013

考試小貼士 梁婉珊職業治療師 Public Education Series No. 10 (2013)

很多學生覺得考試會有壓力,究竟何為考試壓力壓力從何來如何減少考試壓力呢現在讓我們逐一探討以上問題,及提供一些考試小貼士給大家吧

何為考試壓力? 每當測試、考試來臨,學生便會膽心自己沒有足夠時間溫習及準備考試。在考試時,他們害怕不懂得答題,又或者未能在測驗時限內把問題卷作答完畢。 他們害怕考試低分,甚至不合格而感到憂慮,這種種就形成了考試壓力。

考試壓力從何來考試壓力往往從多方面形成,例如學生自己或家長的期望;學生往往不知不覺對自己產生期望,希望自己能考獲較佳成績,又或者學生自己與其他同學互相比較, 覺得自己技不如人,便産生壓力。而家長亦常常期望自己子女學有所成,抱着望子成龍,望女成鳳的心態,在家長的過份壓迫下,子女便感到壓力了。

如何減少考試壓力只要學生懂得正確減壓方法及預早準備考試,考試壓力便能大大減少。以下是一些考試小貼示提供給每位學生以作參考。

考試前準備

  1. 定下溫習時間表,培養每天温習及備課的習慣  每天把課堂上所教的知識、課本反思及溫習一次,把已學的知識加深印象。與此同時,學生又可自學,預先備課,把將要教的課本閱讀一次,以助老師教授時,更易吸收新知識,那便會事半功倍了。
  2. 培養做課外練習或過往試卷的習慣  為把所學的知識融會貫通,學生可多做課外練習或過往的試題,讓自已從不同角度或方面去思考題目,練習答題技巧,掌握作答的重點。
  3. 適當的休息及運動  長期處於緊張及壓力大的環境下,每個人都易於疲倦, 甚至透不過氣來, 因此適當的休息,如: 溫習每40分鐘,便可做一些舒展運動或休息5-10分鐘,可幫助舒緩緊張的情緒,保持清醒的頭腦,及加強專注力,継續幹下去。
  4. 溫習時記下重點  寫下或以圖像記下要點,以助思考,分析,領悟,及組織能力,鞏固記憶。
  5. 早睡早起  充足的睡眠可以保持頭腦清醒及反應敏捷,因此,考試前一晚應有足夠休息,切忌溫習達旦,否則,考試當日便感疲累,反應遲鈍,沒有精神及難以集中去應付考試。

考試當天的準備

  1. 要吃有營養的早餐  豐富而有營養的早餐可使頭腦清醒,思考及反應快,應付考試便最理想了。
  2. 放鬆心情,盡我所能  考試時應放鬆心情,不宜太緊張,把試卷當作平時做課外練習一樣便可。同時學生可先做較易或懂得作答的題目,然後做那些較難的試題,盡量把考試時間分配好,把整份試卷作答完畢。

最後,希望這考試小貼示能幫助各位同學考獲理想成績。


Disclaimer: This Education Material is for information only. Users will be responsible for making their own assessment of the matters discussed herein which should not replace advices from their health care professionals.
This material is made possible with the assistance from adolescent volunteers. Free download http://hksah.blogspot.hk/

November 2, 2013

Event news of other professional societies

“Event news of other professional societies” – We are glad to share with you events and educational activities on adolescent health organized by other professional societies.

(1) Certificate Course on Practical Skills for Child and Adolescent Behavioral Issues 2013; and
(2) Multidisciplinary Symposium on Adolescent Health.

November 1, 2013

精神科醫生的角色 鄧振鵬醫生 Public Education Series No. 9 (2013)

精神科醫生跟所有其他專科醫生或普通科醫生一樣,都要先完成五年的基本醫學訓練加一年實習。獲取執業資格後,再要完成起碼六年的精神科專科訓練,並通過精神科專科考試,最後成為精神科專科醫生。

精神科是一門研究心智和精神疾患的專科。精神科醫生憑豐富經驗,透過問症和臨床觀察,大多時已可準確判斷求助者究竟患上甚麼問題。但乎個別情況,有時還要安排額外進一步檢查,去確定病源或病因。

確診和辨症後,精神科醫生會向病人解釋,並建議適切的處理方案,擬訂個人化的治療計劃。基於心智或精神疾患的多元性,因此治療方案的內容可能涉及多方面,例如藥物治療,心理治療,行為治療,家庭治療,學習輔導,職業治療等等,乎個别因素。因此精神科醫生與其他精神科醫事人員(例如心理學家,精神科護士,職業治療,社工等等)往往保持著緊密的合作關係。


Disclaimer: This Education Material is for information only. Users will be responsible for making their own assessment of the matters discussed herein which should not replace advices from their health care professionals.  
This material is made possible with the assistance from adolescent volunteers. Free download http://hksah.blogspot.hk/